Antibacterial Activity of Oscillatoria princips and Chroococcus Turgidus Against Some Pathogenic Bacteria

Resistance to antimicrobials poses a severe global threat of growing concern to human, animal, and environmental health. This is because of the development, spread, and persistence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria, as well as the side effects of medicines on human health. We decided to conduct this study by using algae extracts as an antibacterial because it is safe for the environment and human health and has no adverse effects on the environment. The antibacterial activity of different solvents of the algae Oscillatoria princips and Chroococcus turgidus isolated from Shaqlawa District within Erbil Governorate, Iraq, was tested against Streptococcus pneumonia, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Escherichia coli, utilizing four polar and non-polar solvents. Diethylether and hexane from algae extract were more efficient against four pathogens, especially S. aureus and S. pneumonia. They showed minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) at (10 and 15 mg/ml) while the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) for bacteria P. aeruginosa and E. coli (25 and 30 mg/ml).Methanolic extracts inhibited bacterial growth. However at a higher concentration (30 to 40 mg/ml), aqueous extracts showed less efficiency than other solvents. The antibacterial activity of algal extracts is more effective in inhibiting the growth of Gram-positive bacteria compared to Gram-negative bacteria. Many bioactive compounds were observed in the algae extract through examination by GC-MS instruments.