The Antibacterial Efficacy of Palladium Nanoparticles Synthesized from Red Onion Extract

Mahan, Nazar Khalaf; Urabe, Aliyaa Urabe Abdullh; Kadhim, Shaimaa Ahmed

doi:10.24271/psr.2026.572109.2553

The Antibacterial Efficacy of Palladium Nanoparticles Synthesized from Red Onion Extract

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

Nazar Khalaf Mahan ¹

Aliyaa Urabe Abdullh Urabe

Shaimaa Ahmed Kadhim ²

¹ Department of Physics, College of Science, Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad 10001, Iraq.

² College of Education for Pure Science/Ibn Al- Haitham, University of Baghdad, Baghdad 10001, Iraq

10.24271/psr.2026.572109.2553

Abstract

This study utilized laser ablation in plant extract (liquid) – (PLAL) to produce palladium nanostructures with a plant extract as the medium. Palladium nanoparticles (Pd NPs) were synthesized at laser energy levels of (760, 860, and 960 mJ), (150 pulses) at a wavelength of λ = 532 nm to study the effect of changing energy values on their physical properties and structural. X-ray diffraction (XRD) investigation validated the synthesis of Pd nanoparticles, indicating crystal sizes of 28.6 nm, 16.4 nm, and 9.2 matching to the relevant energy levels. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and particle size histograms elucidated morphological variations and particle distribution. UV-Vis spectropy for the optical characterisitics. The Anti-bacterial effectiveness was assessed against Staphyloccusn aureus (Gram-positive) and Eschericia coli (Gram-negative) a utilizing the agar well diffusion method. Pd NPs produced at 960 mJ demonstrated enhanced Anti-bacterial efficacy, especially against E. coli, presumably because to their increased concentration and reduced particle size.

Keywords

: Palladium nanoparticles (Pd NPs)

laser ablation

E. coli

and FE-SEM