Morphological features and conservation Status of Caryophyllaceae family in the Garmian region of Kurdistan, Iraq.

Hameed, Ahmed Habeeb; Ahmad, Saman Abdulrahman

doi:10.24271/psr.2026.502212.1915

Morphological features and conservation Status of Caryophyllaceae family in the Garmian region of Kurdistan, Iraq.

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

ahmed Habeeb Hameed ¹

Saman Abdulrahman Ahmad ²

¹ Department of Biology, College of Education, University of Garmian, Kalar 46021, Al Sulaymaniyah, Kurdistan Reign, Iraq.

² Department of Biotechnology and Crop Science, College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences, University of Sulaimani, Al Sulaymaniyah 46001, Kurdistan Reign, Iraq.

10.24271/psr.2026.502212.1915

Abstract

This study was conducted from 2021 to 2024 in the Garmian region of Kurdistan, Iraq, to examine the morphological characteristics and conservation status of the Caryophyllaceae family. The study recorded 21 species across 10 genera. The identified genera are Arenaria (two species), Cerastium (one species), Dianthus (four species), Gypsophila (one species), Herniaria (one species), Mesostemma (one species), Silene (eight species), Stellaria (one species), Vaccaria (one species), and Velezia (one species). The results underscore the variety of the Caryophyllaceae family in the area, with Silene representing the most species-rich genus. The study evaluated the conservation status of these species, offering critical insights into their ecological importance and the necessity for conservation initiatives in the Garmian region. This study enhances the comprehension of plant variety in Kurdistan, Iraq and emphasises the necessity of conserving its distinctive flora.

Keywords

Keywords: Caryophyllaceae family

conservation status

flora

Garmian area

morphological characteristics