Novel Application of a Greenly Synthesized Biopolymer as an Azithromycin Drug Delivery System Against Antibiotic-Resistant Salmonella

Abstract
The present investigation evaluated the generation of polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) utilizing the bacteria Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas. The mixed fermentation demonstrating the best yield 42.2% compared to other cultures. The production identified by IR and HPLC indicated a singular signal with an average retention time of 1.57 minutes, indicating the analysis results for standard PHB and the sample at the same retention time. The co-polymer was effectively synthesized from PHB and PEG, and the drug encapsulation efficiency was around 45.3%. Additionally concerning the totality of the carrier exhibiting 25.4% mg. The drug loading efficiency of AZI-PHB-PEG was superior to that of blank particles. Exhibiting the maximum release from microspheres. During the subsequent 4 to 8 hours, the dialysis bag method was employed to illustrate the release of Azithromycin. The synthesized co-polymer was characterised using X-ray diffraction and the Fourier transformation in infrared spectroscopy. The XRD sample, when thoroughly packed, exhibited distinguishing characteristics as the peak intensity increased with a higher percentage of crystalline Azithromycin dihydrate within the polymer network. The dialysis bag method was employed to illustrate the release of Azithromycin, with a starting point release of 18% occurring within the first two hours. This release was achieved using a solution with a pH of 7.4, identified as the optimal swelling medium for the polymer.
The antibacterial effectiveness of the bio-polymer drug delivery system was assessed against bacterial strains about 71% of those strains were responsive to all dosages, as groups with higher of MIC. Generally. Fisher’s exact test indicated that DDS was substantially more efficacious than Azithromycin (p = 0.021). This work is the first to report the preparation of an azithromycin-loaded PHB–PEG delivery system for use against Salmonella, which provides a new drug-polymer formulation to be tested for its antimicrobial potential.