Document Type : Original Article

Authors

• Nawroz Fadhil Ahmed ¹
• Karwan Mohammed Hamakarim ²
• Zana Azeez Kakarash ³

¹ Department of Information Technology, Kurdistan Technical Institute, Sulaymaniyah, Kurdistan Region, Iraq

² Department of Information Technology, College of Science and Technology, University of Human Development, Kurdistan Region, Iraq

³ Department of Computer Science, Kurdistan Technical Institute, Sulaymaniyah, KRG, Iraq

Abstract

Recommendation Systems (RSs) have significant applications in many industrial systems. The duty of a recommender algorithm is to operate available data (users/items contextual data and rating (or purchase) the consumption history for items), as well as to provide a recommendation list for any target user. The recommended items should be selected so that the target user is compelled to give them positive reviews. In this manuscript, we propose a novel of RS algorithm that makes advantage of user-user trust relationships, rating histories, and their frequency of occurrence. We also provide a brand new overlapping community detection algorithm. The information about the users’ community structure is used to handle the cold-start and sparsity problems. We compare the performance of the proposed RS algorithm with a number of state-of-the-art algorithms on the extended Epinions dataset, which has both information on trust relations and the timing of the ratings. Numerical simulations reveal the superiority of the proposed algorithm over others. We also investigate how the algorithms perform when only cold-start users and items are considered. As a cold-start user (item) we consider those that have made (received) less than five ratings. The experiments show significant outperformance of the proposed algorithm over others, which is mainly due to the use of information on overlapping community structures between users.

Keywords

• Recommendation systems
• social networking
• science of networking
• overlapping community structure
• trust relations
• interaction time

Main Subjects

• Information technology